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"Material is the metaphor.\n\n"
"A material metaphor is the unifying theory of a rationalized space and a system of motion."
"The material is grounded in tactile reality, inspired by the study of paper and ink, yet "
"technologically advanced and open to imagination and magic.\n"
"Surfaces and edges of the material provide visual cues that are grounded in reality. The "
"use of familiar tactile attributes helps users quickly understand affordances. Yet the "
"flexibility of the material creates new affordances that supercede those in the physical "
"world, without breaking the rules of physics.\n"
"The fundamentals of light, surface, and movement are key to conveying how objects move, "
"interact, and exist in space and in relation to each other. Realistic lighting shows "
"seams, divides space, and indicates moving parts.\n\n"
"Bold, graphic, intentional.\n\n"
"The foundational elements of print based design typography, grids, space, scale, color, "
"and use of imagery guide visual treatments. These elements do far more than please the "
"eye. They create hierarchy, meaning, and focus. Deliberate color choices, edge to edge "
"imagery, large scale typography, and intentional white space create a bold and graphic "
"interface that immerse the user in the experience.\n"
"An emphasis on user actions makes core functionality immediately apparent and provides "
"waypoints for the user.\n\n"
"Motion provides meaning.\n\n"
"Motion respects and reinforces the user as the prime mover. Primary user actions are "
"inflection points that initiate motion, transforming the whole design.\n"
"All action takes place in a single environment. Objects are presented to the user without "
"breaking the continuity of experience even as they transform and reorganize.\n"
"Motion is meaningful and appropriate, serving to focus attention and maintain continuity. "
"Feedback is subtle yet clear. Transitions are efficient yet coherent.\n\n"
"3D world.\n\n"
"The material environment is a 3D space, which means all objects have x, y, and z "
"dimensions. The z-axis is perpendicularly aligned to the plane of the display, with the "
"positive z-axis extending towards the viewer. Every sheet of material occupies a single "
"position along the z-axis and has a standard 1dp thickness.\n"
"On the web, the z-axis is used for layering and not for perspective. The 3D world is "
"emulated by manipulating the y-axis.\n\n"
"Light and shadow.\n\n"
"Within the material environment, virtual lights illuminate the scene. Key lights create "
"directional shadows, while ambient light creates soft shadows from all angles.\n"
"Shadows in the material environment are cast by these two light sources. In Android "
"development, shadows occur when light sources are blocked by sheets of material at "
"various positions along the z-axis. On the web, shadows are depicted by manipulating the "
"y-axis only. The following example shows the card with a height of 6dp.\n\n"
"Resting elevation.\n\n"
"All material objects, regardless of size, have a resting elevation, or default elevation "
"that does not change. If an object changes elevation, it should return to its resting "
"elevation as soon as possible.\n\n"
"Component elevations.\n\n"
"The resting elevation for a component type is consistent across apps (e.g., FAB elevation "
"does not vary from 6dp in one app to 16dp in another app).\n"
"Components may have different resting elevations across platforms, depending on the depth "
"of the environment (e.g., TV has a greater depth than mobile or desktop).\n\n"
"Responsive elevation and dynamic elevation offsets.\n\n"
"Some component types have responsive elevation, meaning they change elevation in response "
"to user input (e.g., normal, focused, and pressed) or system events. These elevation "
"changes are consistently implemented using dynamic elevation offsets.\n"
"Dynamic elevation offsets are the goal elevation that a component moves towards, relative "
"to the component’s resting state. They ensure that elevation changes are consistent "
"across actions and component types. For example, all components that lift on press have "
"the same elevation change relative to their resting elevation.\n"
"Once the input event is completed or cancelled, the component will return to its resting "
"elevation.\n\n"
"Avoiding elevation interference.\n\n"
"Components with responsive elevations may encounter other components as they move between "
"their resting elevations and dynamic elevation offsets. Because material cannot pass "
"through other material, components avoid interfering with one another any number of ways, "
"whether on a per component basis or using the entire app layout.\n"
"On a component level, components can move or be removed before they cause interference. "
"For example, a floating action button (FAB) can disappear or move off screen before a "
"user picks up a card, or it can move if a snackbar appears.\n"
"On the layout level, design your app layout to minimize opportunities for interference. "
"For example, position the FAB to one side of stream of a cards so the FAB won’t interfere "
"when a user tries to pick up one of cards.\n\n"
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